How to Inspect a Commercial Roof: A Complete Guide

Taking care of your commercial roof might not be at the top of your to-do list, but it’s one of the most important things you can do to protect your building. Regular inspections help catch small issues before they turn into costly repairs. Whether you manage a small shop or a massive warehouse, keeping your roof in good condition should be a priority. This guide will walk you through everything you need to know about inspecting a commercial roof, even if you’re not a roofing expert!

Commercial Roof Inspection Checklist: What to Look For

When inspecting your roof, having a clear checklist helps ensure you don’t miss anything. Here’s what you should be on the lookout for:

• Surface Condition

Inspect the roof’s surface for any cracks, blisters, or punctures. These might seem minor but can lead to leaks or structural damage if ignored. If you have a metal roof, look out for rust or corrosion.

• Flashings and Seals

Check the flashings (the metal strips around vents, skylights, and chimneys) to ensure they aren’t loose or damaged. Broken or worn-out flashings can allow water to seep into your building.

• Drains and Gutters

Water should flow freely off your roof, so make sure gutters and drains are clear of debris. Clogged drains can lead to standing water, which is a recipe for roof leaks and damage.

• Roof Penetrations

Look around vents, pipes, HVAC units, and anything else that penetrates the roof’s surface. Ensure that seals around these areas are intact and watertight.

• Signs of Ponding Water

Flat roofs are especially prone to ponding water—areas where water collects instead of draining. This standing water can wear down the roof and lead to leaks.

 

The Roof Inspection Process: Step-by-Step Breakdown

Step 1: Start with Safety First

Before inspecting your roof, make sure you have the right safety gear. You’ll need non-slip shoes, a sturdy ladder, and possibly a safety harness. If you’re not comfortable, it’s always a good idea to hire a professional inspector.

Step 2: Check for Visible Damage

Start by walking around the building. Look up at the roof and see if there are any obvious signs of damage. This could include:

• Missing shingles or tiles
• Cracks in the roof surface
• Sagging areas or dips that indicate structural issues
• Debris like leaves or branches that need to be cleared

Step 3: Inspect the Roof Surface

Carefully go up to the roof and check the surface itself. Different types of roofs have different issues to look out for:

• Flat roofs: Look for ponding water (pools of water that don’t drain), cracks in the surface, and any seams that may have split.
• Sloped roofs: Check the condition of shingles or other roofing material. Make sure there’s no blistering, cracks, or missing pieces.

For metal roofs, look for rust or loose panels. On single-ply roofs (like TPO, PVC, or EPDM), inspect seams and see if the material has peeled or cracked.

Step 4: Check the Roof’s Drainage

Water is a commercial roof’s worst enemy. If water can’t leave the roof efficiently, it will pool and create issues. Ensure gutters, downspouts, and drains are clear of debris. Check that water is flowing off the roof correctly without pooling, as standing water can damage the roof over time.

Step 5: Inspect Roof Edges, Flashings, and Seals

Look at the perimeter of the roof. Edges tend to experience the most wear and tear, especially in areas with extreme weather. Flashings are the metal pieces used around vents, chimneys, and other roof penetrations. Make sure these flashings are not loose, bent, or damaged. Check the seals around any openings to ensure they’re watertight.

Step 6: Look for Signs of Leaks Inside

Sometimes, you can spot roof problems from inside the building. Look at the ceiling for:

• Water stains or discoloration
• Peeling paint on walls or ceilings
• Mold or musty smells that indicate trapped moisture

These signs often mean there’s a leak, and you should act quickly to prevent further damage.

Step 7: Schedule Professional Inspections

While you can perform basic checks, it’s wise to have a professional roofer inspect your roof regularly. They have the tools and expertise to spot problems that may be missed during a visual inspection. A professional can also help with tasks like thermal imaging to detect hidden moisture or weak spots that could turn into major issues later.

 

Next Steps After a Roof Inspection

The inspection is just the first step—now it’s time to take action. Here’s what to do next:

1. Immediate Repairs

Any immediate hazards or visible damage should be repaired right away. This includes fixing leaks, replacing missing shingles, or resealing flashings. Ignoring these problems can lead to further deterioration, resulting in more expensive repairs down the road.

2. Schedule Regular Maintenance

Prevention is key to prolonging your roof’s life. Schedule regular inspections at least twice a year (ideally before and after the harshest seasons) to catch issues early. Routine cleaning and minor repairs can prevent major damage in the future.

3. Plan for Long-Term Solutions

If your inspection reveals recurring issues—such as leaks in the same spots or wear and tear from extreme weather—it might be time to consider more substantial fixes, like upgrading your roofing materials or improving drainage systems.

Common Roof Inspection Mistakes to Avoid

Even with the best of intentions, some oversights can occur during a roof inspection. Here are some of the most common mistakes:

• Not Inspecting the Roof’s Interior

Many people forget to check inside the building for signs of leaks or water damage. Always inspect ceilings, walls, and attics for hidden issues.

• Skipping the Roof’s Edge

While most inspections focus on the center of the roof, the edges are often where damage begins. Wind, rain, and snow all affect these areas, making them vulnerable to water infiltration. Inspect roof perimeters carefully for loose materials or damaged flashings.

• HVAC Units and Penetrations

Rooftop HVAC units are convenient, but they also create penetrations that are prone to leaks. Don’t forget to check the seals and areas around these units, as well as any other penetrations like plumbing vents or skylights.

• Overlooking Minor Issues

Small cracks or missing seals may seem insignificant, but these minor issues can grow quickly if left unattended. Address even the smallest problems immediately to prevent larger repairs later.

 

The True Value of a Professional Roof Inspection

While some building owners might be tempted to handle inspections themselves, there are distinct advantages to hiring a professional roofing company like Bold North Roofing. Here’s why it’s worth the investment:

• Expert Eyes Catch What Others Miss

Roofing professionals are trained to spot even the smallest signs of damage that might go unnoticed by an untrained eye. They can also identify potential future issues that aren’t yet visible but could lead to serious problems if left unchecked.

• Access to Advanced Tools

As mentioned earlier, professional inspectors often use advanced tools like infrared scanners and thermal imaging, which aren’t typically accessible for DIY inspections. These technologies help catch hidden problems that could cost you thousands in the long run.

• Long-Term Savings

By addressing problems early, you can avoid the high cost of emergency repairs or premature roof replacement. A well-maintained roof also means fewer business interruptions, less downtime, and a safer environment for your employees and clients.

Why Regular Roof Inspections Are So Important

You might wonder why regular inspections are so crucial. Here are a few benefits that should convince you:

• Prevent Costly Repairs

Catching a problem early can save you thousands of dollars in major repairs down the road. A cracked seal or loose flashing might seem small, but they can lead to bigger issues if left unchecked.

• Extend the Life of Your Roof

Regular maintenance and inspections can help your roof last much longer. Spotting and fixing problems early ensures the roof stays in good condition and won’t need to be replaced as quickly.

• Improve Energy Efficiency

A well-maintained roof keeps your building properly insulated. By identifying and repairing leaks, cracks, and insulation gaps, you can save on energy costs.

• Protect Your Business

A leaky roof can damage equipment, inventory, and the interior of your building. Regular inspections help prevent downtime and costly repairs that could disrupt your business operations.

Bonus Tips for Roof Care

• Add Reflective Coatings

Applying a reflective coating can extend your roof’s life by protecting it from UV rays and reducing heat absorption. This is especially useful for flat roofs in warmer climates.

• Consider Green Roofing Solutions

A green roof with vegetation not only improves insulation but also helps manage stormwater. While this might not be suitable for every building, it’s a great option to explore for reducing energy costs and environmental impact.

• Winter Roof Preparation

In cold climates, prepare your roof for winter by clearing off leaves and debris before snow starts. Snow and ice build-up can cause significant damage if drains are clogged, and ice dams may form along the roof’s edge.

Final Thoughts

Regular roof inspections aren’t just about avoiding leaks; they’re about protecting your entire building from the ground up. Inspecting your commercial roof doesn’t have to be overwhelming. With a clear checklist, being proactive, and working with professionals when needed, you can ensure your roof performs well for years to come. Whether you’re a business owner or a property manager, protecting your roof and investing in your roof’s health will always pay off in the long run.

Need help with a roof inspection? Contact Bold North Roofing to schedule a professional assessment today!